Literature Review on Parenting Styles - 2477 Words

A Review of Parenting Style, and Its Effects on Adolescent Smoking and School Achievement Joseph J. Lee The College of New Jersey Author Note This literature review was completed as an assignment for an Introduction to Counseling class at The College of New Jersey under Dr. Atsuko Seto. The use of correct APA format in both citations and general formatting, although has been evaluated prior to being turned in for grading, is not guaranteed. I would like to thank Dr. Seto and the entire Counselor Education Program at The College of New Jersey for being patient, informative, and overall very effective instructors. Abstract A literature review on the affects of parenting styles on adolescent smoking and school achievement. The†¦show more content†¦It was here where parental control (demandingness) was a significant protective factor, even though this was not the case in younger adolescents. Thus, both aspects of authoritative parenting, responsiveness and demandingness were confirmed to be protective factors in both males and females across age groups. Parenting style and adolescent smoking. O’Byrne, Haddock, Poston, and Mid America Heart Institute (2002) investigated whether parenting style was a risk factor of smoking initiation and experimentation among adolescents and whether there was a relationship between parenting style and readiness to quit, and nicotine dependence among smokers. O’Byrne et al. (2002) defined current smokers as those who smoke regularly, experimenters as individuals who have smoked on one or two occasions, but have not smoked in the past month. Initiated smokers were considered both current smokers and individuals who smoked regularly in the past and then quit. Readiness to quit was categorized into four stages: precontemplation, for those who had no intent on quitting, contemplation, for those who may quit but not within the next 6 months, preparation, for those who will quit within the next 6 months and action, for those who will quit next month. Parenting style was measure by the Family of Origin Scale (FOS) which measured fami ly intimacy and autonomy. This scaleShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review- Parenting Styles and Child Development1737 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract A parenting style is a method or type of parenting which directly and indirectly influences the development of the child. Developmental psychologists study the physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual, emotional and personality growth and development that occurs throughout a lifetime. 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This situationRead MoreLimitation Of Limitation973 Words   |  4 PagesFurther limitation is seen in Childhood Experiences of Parenting and Causal Attributions for Criminal Behavior Among Young Offenders and Non-Offenders, with Palmer Gough (2007) identifing their methodology was unlikely to represent their sample population. They further identified that the â€Å"lack of matching of samples on demographic characteristics known to be related to offending (e.g., socioeconomic class, ethnic background, race) is also an issue that needs to be borne in mind when drawing conclusionsRead MoreThe And Parental Authority Questionnaire1535 Words   |  7 Pagesgoal was to determine if an association existed between the developments of resiliency and parenting styles utilizing Baumrind’s parenting style typologies, authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative styles of parenting (Ritter, 2005). 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Reviewing past literature on this subject matter reveals that the authoritarian parenting style produced more overt aggressionRead MorePerspectives on Love in Reality Parenting Shows1194 Words   |  5 PagesMany parenting programs have been made in recent years such as the Supernanny and Brat Camp which were first aired in 2004 and 2005 respectively. Both were originated from United Kingdom. So, this kind of show is no longer new to the viewers. All the mentioned parenting shows earlier including the Worlds Strictest Parents mainly focuses on the teenagers behavioral problems. (See openhousecommunity.com.au) The Worlds Strictest Parents was interesting because it was truly an account of the familiesRead MoreImportance And Usefulness Of Evaluating Self Esteem924 Words   |  4 Pages K. (2012). The information in this article is relevant to what we learned in chapter six, which is the concept of â€Å"the self†. One of the role of the self-concept is to evaluate the self and this process is known as the self-esteem. In the literature review the focus was on the development of a child’s self-esteem. Children with high self-esteem are children who are known to have confidences in their abilities and this topic is similar to what is on chapter 6, in the section of self-esteem. TheRead MoreAlcohol Use And Alcohol1089 Words   |  5 Pageswith the previous research study mention in this paper is the study conducted by Merianos, King, Vidourek, Nabors (2015). The study primary aim was to examine the relationship of recent alcohol use, binge drinking (past 30 days) and authoritative parenting among Hispanic youth (Merianos, King, Vidourek, Nabors, 2015). The study unit of analysis was Hispanic youth’s ages ranging from 12 to 17 years of age. The participan ts of the study completed surveys in the privacy of their own homes. MerianosRead MoreSocial Class and Occupations on Parenting Styles1529 Words   |  7 PagesDahir Nasser Soc 202 Topic # 7 Abstract In this paper I will discuss the affects of an individual’s social class, and occupations on their parenting styles. Most of the literature points to the upper classes careers providing them with opportunities for freedom and room to express themselves. The research also shows that the lower classes occupations require much more conformity and ability to simply follow directions. Many of the studies have also been correlated to the ways parents raise theirRead MoreThe Sexual Orientation Of Parents Essay1707 Words   |  7 PagesArticle 1: Stacey, J., Biblarz, T. J. (2001). (How) does the sexual orientation of parents matter? American Sociological Review, 66(2), 159-183. The goal of this study was to dispute the negative â€Å"heterosexism† perceptions attached to the development of children with parents who identify as gay and lesbian. The authors focused on the analysis of previous research findings, comparing the outcomes of the children from heterosexual single-mothers and homosexual parents, particularly lesbian

World War I And The Great Gatsby - 2214 Words

The 1920’s Itself Was A Firework Class issues played a great role in The Great Gatsby it is the root of all conflict and excitement. Your class would determine not just how you lived but what kind of social life you would have whether it was â€Å"old money† or â€Å" new money†. The American economy of during the roaring twenties was a time of economic progress for most Americans and where wealth became very important in your social life. The strong economy also created the right environment for many important changes in the day-to-day social life of Americans. The nineteen twenties are remembered now as an exciting time that historians call the Roaring Twenties† , but maybe it was only â€Å"roaring† because things were so corrupt. The First World War was the fundamental element that led to the economic boom; World War I represented the greatest explosion in investment, production, trade, science and technique in the whole of human history and it put its stamp on political developments in all the different parts of the world. World war I led to a number of things such as the civil rights movement, the economic boom and eventually the great depression both of which made a great impact on America at the time. The economic boom raised a lot of social standings when it came to money but people that grow up with money their whole lives would still look down on them even if they had more than they do. The Civi l rights movement during the 1920s made things a lot different forShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1036 Words   |  5 PagesWar is seen as nothing but bloodshed. However, for many this allows them to shine in a way that they could not back at home. In The Great Gatsby, by F. 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Scott FItzgerald and A Farewell Arms by Ernest Hemingway574 Words   |  3 Pages Under little scrutiny, F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms seem to have common themes, but beyond the surface, the two books are radically different. The Great Gatsby is a tale about an ambitious man, Jay Gatsby, his old girlfriend Daisy Buchanan, and her husband, Tom Buchanan. Gatsby, after returning from war, becomes a bootlegger d uring Prohibition in an attempt to win back Daisy who is ironically unhappily married to Tom Buchanan. In contrast, A FarewellRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And The Harlem Renaissance1594 Words   |  7 PagesModernism in The Great Gatsby the Harlem Renaissance I hope she ll be a fool — that s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool . . . You see, I think everything s terrible anyhow . . . And I know. I ve been everywhere and seen everything and done everything. (The Great Gatsby, pg. 20) There was a loss of innocence, disillusionment and lack of faith in the American Dream. This became the movement known as Modernism. WWI was the first â€Å"total war† in which modernRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Jazz Age950 Words   |  4 PagesThe Jazz Age in Gatsby Born in 1896 F. Scott Fitzgerald became one of the greatest American writers of all time. Throughout his life, he lived in different parts of the United States and France. Fitzgerald wrote countless short stories and some screenplays. He most enjoyed writing novels. The short stories were just to keep him afloat while he wrote these novels. The most famous of all of his pieces is The Great Gatsby. It takes place during a time Fitzgerald called the â€Å"Jazz Age† but it is alsoRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1494 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Great Gatsby was written in 1925 by the famous author F. Scott Fitzgerald. 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News Analysis Free Essays

This article by Caren Bohan is entitled â€Å"Clinton, Obama prepare for battle in Wisconsin.† The newsworthiness of the piece has been determined by the fact that it immediately concerns the American people. It also involves proximate issues that have to do with the up-coming presidential elections and is concerned with the selection of the two persons who will vie for the presidency later in this year. We will write a custom essay sample on News Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The conflict level of the situation is high. Hilary Clinton, who had been in the lead for the democratic candidacy, has now lost that lead as Obama has recently won in eight states in a row (Bohan 2008). The story, found on a Canadian website (Canada.com) is placed in the world news section as a high-priority story. This has been determined by the fact that as a close neighbor who shares a border, the political news that highly concerns United States citizens is also of great concern to the readers of this news site. The headline is clear and to the point, depicting precisely the next step in the battle between the two candidates. The image of Barack Obama is found within the article, and is well-placed at the top. Another image, one of Hilary Clinton, is also readily accessible by clicking on links associated with â€Å"more pictures† (Bohan, 2008). The candidates’ business in Wisconsin is given in detail, but only Hilary Clinton is strictly quoted in the article, as it was indicated that Obama tried to avoid the press. However, quotations are given concerning Obama’s business as identified by his spokesman Bill Burton. The overall impact of the story is that Obama’s popularity in the United States is strengthening, leaving Hilary Clinton feeling threatened. The reporters refer to her strongly appealing for the help of some of her supporters, and imply that her statement â€Å"I’m feeling good today† represents a concealment of her anxiety. Because this democratic race represents a major political event, it can be noticed that care is taken to provide in-depth analysis of the candidates’ positions and what that might mean for their prospects. The story also had an eye to the future, with predictions made (or suggested) about up-coming and related political events. This demonstrates the impact that the outcome of this important political event is likely to have on the future of America. Reference Bohan, Caren. â€Å"Clinton, Obama prepare for battle in Wisconsin.† Canada.com: where   Ã‚   perspectives connect. Canwest Publishing. How to cite News Analysis, Essay examples

Capital Punishment Essay Introduction Example For Students

Capital Punishment Essay Introduction Good Afternoon, I am honored to be here, and I thank you for having me. Today I would like to speak to you about a very controversial issue-capital punishment. What do those two words mean to you? To mostpeople they mean a murder victims family receiving justice for theirdeceased. Let me see a show of hands. How many people in the audiencebelieve in the death penalty? I conducted a weeklong survey of twohundred people of all ages. The purpose was to see how many peoplebelieved in the death penalty and how many opposed it. My results areshown on this overhead. As you can clearly see, 98% believe in the death penalty. 57% believethat the death penalty is a deterrent for murder. A high of 97% of thepeople favor capital punishment, where 1% think that our justice systemshould not be more lenient on death row inmates. Only 89% think thatonce convicted of murder, an inmate should be sentenced to deathimmediately. I would like to take this time to tell you a story. On August 15,1997, the Reverend John Miller preached a sermon at the Martha VineyardsTabernacle in New Hampshire. He told his congregation, which includedthe vacationing President Clinton and his wife, that capital punishmentis wrong. I invite you to look at a picture of Timothy McVeigh and toforgive him, said Miller. If we profess to be Christians, then we arecalled to love and forgive. Once the sermon ended, Rev. Miller,Clinton, and their wives got together for brunch at the Sweet Life Cafi. What the Rev. did not know was that 24-year-old Jeremy T Charron; anEpsom New Hampshire police officer was gunned down in cold blood justhours before Millers sermon on forgiving murderers. That Sunday markedCharrons 44th day as a full time police officer, the job he dreamed ofsince he was 6 years old. Jeremy Charron leaves behind his parents, two sets of grandparents, twosisters, two brothers, a wide circle of friends, and a girlfriend whoseengagement ring he had begun to shop for. Maybe the Reverend Millerwould advise those grieving for Charron to look at pictures of GordonPerry, the robber accused of pumping the bullets into Charrons heart,and 18 year old Kevin Paul, the accomplice, and forgive. The state of New Hampshire has opted not to forgive, but to prosecute. Perry has been charged with capital murder. If he is convicted, thestate will seek the death penalty for the first time since 1939. Jeanne Shepard, the democratic governor, says a capital murderprosecution will put criminals On notice that if they kill a policeofficer in New Hampshire, they will face the death penalty. What ifthey kill someone other than a cop? Should criminals not be put onnotice that they will face the death penalty if they kill a cashier incold blood? A farmer, or a schoolteacher? They should- but the lawsays otherwise. In New Hampshire as in all states with the deathpenalty, murder can be punished with execution only in specificcircumstances. The murder of an officer in the line of duty is one ofthem. Among others are murder combined with rape, murder for higher,and murder in the course of kidnapping. First degree murder is notpunishable by death. One who willfully murders a cashier is no lessevil then the murderer of a police officer. Both have committed theworst crime. Both should be subjected to the worst possiblepunishment. That is justice. Standing in the way of that justice, however, are the likes of Rev. Miller, who brim with such pity for criminals that they have none leftover for the victims. Forgive Timothy McVeigh, he says, as if we havethat right. Absolve the man who slaughtered 168 innocent men, women,and children in Oklahoma City. Pardon the killer of Officer Charron. Nothing could be more sinful and indecent. How sad that Miller,enjoying his brunch with the president at the Sweet Life Cafi, shouldlack compassion for the sweet life of others. Executions at U.S. prisons reached a 40- year high last year. There aregoing to be more executions in the future as these cases are speeded up,as a result of federal and state laws shortening the appeal process. Iwould now like to direct your attention to the overhead. Examination of the slave experience EssayA heinous crime occurs and most people ask the inevitable question: Whoare these people capable of such inhuman acts? According to Gilligan,they generally are ordinary people who often describe themselves asrobots, zombies, nonentities, and even vampires. In a 1977 courtroom,convicted serial killer Ted Bundy said many things about himself. Amongthose descriptions were; Sometimes I feel like a vampire, and Im themost cold blooded son of a bitch youll ever meet. Murderersfrequently mutilate themselves in prison, cutting their arms, swallowingrazor blades, blinding or castrating themselves- because feelingsomething, even pain, is better than feeling nothing. People who windup committing murder are often the survivors of attempted murderthemselves, or of a child abuse that is so severe, that if they were notstrong, they would not have survived. David Berkowitz was the Son ofSam serial killer. The press at one time asked him why he killed somany people. He replied, I always had a certain fetish for murder anddeath. Berkowitz was jolted to kill when he found out a familysecret. He was an accident, a mistake, never meant to be born. He hadalways been told that his birth mother had been killed during labor. What he found out was it was just a lie to cover up the fact that hisreal mother did not even care about him. Once he discovered the truth,he vowed to find the woman that cast him aside. When asked by a friendwhat he would do when he found her, he said, Im not going to rob her. Im not going to touch her or rape her. All I want to do is kill her. Gilligans hypothesis is that the common underlying cause of violenceis shame. Violent behavior only results when three other conditionsoccur: 1) The individual does not see himself as having any nonviolentmeans to gain respect or find justice. 2) The shame and humiliation areso overwhelming they threaten to destroy the persons sense of self. 3)The violent impulses stimulated in all of us by feelings of humiliationare not inhibited by guilt, remorse, empathy, or love. The characterHannible Lechter, as shown in this clip from the movie Silence of theLambs explains it best. Rather than punishment, Gilligan said, one proven approach to reducingviolence is education, especially a college degree. Several years ago,Gilligan conducted a study in the Massachusetts Prison system in whichmore than two hundred inmates, including those that were convictedmurderers, earned degrees and were released from prison. So far, notone repeat offender has been found. Gilligan said We know that the single most effective factor whichreduces the rate of recidivism in the prison population is education,and yet education in the prisons is the first item to be cut when anadministration gets tough on crime. If our goal is to reduce crimeand violence, we would benefit all law abiding members of society if wemade college education available in the prisons. Gilligan said he isamazed by how inarticulate and incoherent many violent prisoners are. They have never learned to express themselves. They have never hadanyone to listen to them and take their thoughts seriously. If we canget them to talk about their life experiences, we immediately give theman alternative. If we can provide these men with an alternative toviolent behavior, they will use it. The best way to get people to actlike human beings is to treat them like human beings. Gilligan acknowledges that some violent criminals are so severelydamaged and dangerous they simply can never live out in society again. But the emphasis, he said, must be on restraining and quarantining,rather than punishment. Over time, even the most deeply damaged peoplecan recover a great deal of the humanity that they have lost; even thedeadest could be restored to some semblance of humanity if given ahumane enough environment, said Gilligan. I now leave the decision up to you. I have given you both the pros andcons on the issue of capital punishment. If you choose to remember onlyone point of my speech tonight let it be this quote of human beings byHenry Ford. None are good but all are scared. Even the mosthorrendous criminal is a human being with a soul, and that soul isscared.

Atomic Bomb Essays (93 words) - Free Essays, Term Papers

Atomic Bomb Essays (93 words) - Free Essays, Term Papers Atomic Bomb Was Atomic Bomb Necessary? August 6th, 1945, 70,000 lives were ended in a matter of seconds. The United States had dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima. Today many argue over whether or not the US should have taken such a drastic measure. Was it entirely necessary that we drop such a devastating weapon? Yes, it was. First, we must look at what was going on at the time the decision was made. The US had been fighting a massive war since 1941. Morale was most likely low, and

An Inspector Calls by JB Priestly A ficional response to compleation Essays

An Inspector Calls by JB Priestly A ficional response to compleation Essays An Inspector Calls by JB Priestly A ficional response to compleation Paper An Inspector Calls by JB Priestly A ficional response to compleation Paper Essay Topic: Literature I have just finished writing a play called An Inspector Calls. It is about an affluent, middle class family living in Brumley a city in the North of England. The head of the family is Mr. Birling who owns a factory. He is not very charitable and believes that a person should look after themselves only. He is going to find out during the course of the play that that might not be the best a attitude to take. Birlings daughter Shelia is getting married to sir Gerald Croft whose father Lord Croft owns a rival factory to Birling. The marriage is like a business alliance. The birling family are trying to social climb and beter themselves and are hopeful that the marriage will help this process along I set the play in 1912 so I could duse dramatic irony in the play. It was before any of the world wars which helped partially break down class barriers. The birlings are still living in a very class conscious age and before a socialist government. Birling in particular uses dramatic irony in some of the things he says the titanic bsolutely unsinkable the audience would realise straight away that that statement was completely wrong. Iw anted to do this because if birling was wrong about things he says his beliefs might also be questionable. The main theme of my play concerns a young girl who has had dealings with all of the birling family and goes on to commit suicide. The girl Eva Smith represents the working class ordinary people who do not have lots of money. The birlings represent the middles classes who have lots of money and servants, they are seen as a respectable family. Eva Smith is poor and struggling and therefore has low status. My point is to show that their dealings were the cause of her s suicide. As a result of a police investigation in to the suicide an inspector visits the house where the family are celebrating Shelias engement to Gerald. The family are in for a nasty shock when the truth about what they have done comes out. To illustrate my point Im going to describe to you in detail the scene is in Act three. It is after the inspector has made his final key speech. He warns of how we dont live alone. We are members of one body. We are responsible for each other. I wanted to spell it out to members of my predominaly middle class audience that this is what I was trying to say during the play. The inspector threatens a revolution if men will not learn that lesson, then they will taught it in fire and blood and anguish. I know this is a very serious and highly controversial thing to say and must feel like Im lecturing them. It makes the point that not taking responsibility for your actions, not thinking of others can have severe consequences even death. The inspector leave straight after this speech which I think delivers a big impact. He leaves the Birlings alone to deal with what they have done. There are lots of stage directions after the speech because I felt this was a very important part in the play and I wanted to heighten the dramatic tension the family are all staring subdued and wondering. I detail exactly what each person should be doing, Shelia is crying, Mrs Birling has collapsed into a chair, Eric is brooding desperately and Mr birling is not quite sure what to do so gets himself a drink. He is the first one to break the silence but not to say anything positive (angrily to Eric) youre the one I blame for this. Eric is not bothered by this comment I ll bet I am implying he frequently gets the blame for things that go wrong in the Birling house hold. Erics response shows his mood is different from the beginning of the play. Then he was very relaxed and suddenly guffaws during dinner . Eric was not in a serous mood and behaving in a silly way. He seems to have become serious by act three because of the events that have been uncovered. The family are now left alone in the house with Gerald and the Inspector gone. This scene highlights clearly the differences between Mr Birling and his son Eric. They have a strained relationship. Erics attitude is Oh for Gods sake! What does it matter now whether they give you a knighthood or not? . Birlings beliefs are in the status quo and he also wants to be respectable. Eric however does not care about appearing respectable he cares about Smith. Eric political beliefs lean left. Father and son have directly opposing political beliefs. Mr and Mrs Birling think very differently from their children. Sheila seems to be speaking for the inspector I behaved badly too. I know I did. Im ashamed of it. But now youre beginning all over again to pretend that NOTHING MUCH HADS HAPPENED Mr and mrs birling are acting as they were before the inspector called they have not learnt anything from the experience theres every excuse for what both your mother and I did says birling. Birling is worried because Nothing much has happened havent I already said therell bea public scandal. Something bad has happened and it is the death of a young girl which is far more important than what the neighbours think. Sheila begins to think that maybe the inspector was not a real police inspector It doesnt matter much now, of course but was he really a police inspector? . I thought adding in the element of him not really being police inspector but a ghost of some kind would add even more emphasis the fact even more that it does not matter who found out what the birlings had to done to Smith, they still did it. It matters to Mr Birling if he was really a police inspector it matters a devil of a lot. Makes all the difference because if anyone found out he would lose his chance of a knighthood. This is further point of friction between the older and younger Birlings. Shelia and Eric are young and could chance and see where things were going wrong. It doesnt matters them that the inspector might not have been genuine. Birling thinks now hes not to blame. Shelia sums it up by saying But dont you see if all thats come out tonight is true, then it doesnt much matter who it was who it was that made us confess. There is a big contrast between this scene in Act three and the Act One. Birling reflects what I was feeling when the fire of us down to dinner a that table. I refer back to act to show the contrast in the familys relationships. The children are now at odds with their parents their attitudes. Eric says in response to Birling when you were feeling so pleased with Yourself? You told us a man has to make his own way we werent to take any notice of these cranks walked in. he cranks Eric is referring to myself I am aware that at this time some people thought of the socialists as cranks but that is an out dated tone and we are governed by these cranks. It is obvious by this stage that Eric is getting more and more angry and has a sarcastic tone of voice. I put in the stage directions that Eric laughs bitterly I tried to give the impression that Eric was completely un-nerved by the whole experience and could at any moment breakdown. He felt bad about the part he played in Eva Smiths death. I thought this would add an element of tension to the play. To stage the play I would recommend keeping the furniture on the to the minimum. There should be a large table with chairs around it. There could be a decanter and some glasses on a small table to the side of the set. I also recommend that light changes when the inspector leaves. It should become slightly darker to illustrate the change in the play. The mood has changed the birlings and tired and emotional and have to deal with the consequences of their actions. During the scene Ive just described most of the characters are standing around not quite sure what to do. The chairs should not be neatly pushed under the table but pulled out and at odd angles because this would fit in well with the scene. The inspector has just dropped a bomb shell and the stage should reflect this. The characters in the play have all had things exposed about then that they thought were secret. How they deal with these things are important Shelia for example feels remorse about what she at Milwards shop getting Eva Smith sacked . She has learnt from this experience to think of others more. After the In spector leaves she acts a s his mouthpiece, she makes a speech a at the end remaining the family of what they have done, as I imagine the inspector would do You turned the girl out of one job and I had her turned out of another. Gerald kept her at a time when he was supposed to be too busy too see me. Eric also feels bad about what he did and is in trouble for stealing money to give to Smith. He is not worried about the money but what happened to Smith in the end. Birling is annoyed by the whole experience and is especially annoyed about the money that Eric stole until every penny of that money you stole is repaid, youll work for nothing. Mrs Birling like Birling is angry and also thinks that Eric . Im ashamed of you. Eric points out that he is ashamed of you as well because of his parents lack of compassion. Birling is ashamed of Eric because he stole from him and did not come to him for help. He is not so worried that Eric was involved with a prostitute and had fathered a child. He said to Shelia when he found out about Gerald had been involved with a prostitute Sheila, a lot of young men . Eric is ashamed that he was responsible for the death of a person and that he could not help her. I believe the scene I have just described is important because this is when the inspector says exactly what he thinks. Before he had been fairly impartial. It is also the point where the family realise the inspector is not real. We also see the family alone without Gerald or the Inspector. I wanted to show in the play that compassion and understanding must start at home if it to be shown to the rest of the society. Birling and Eric are an example of conflict within the family unit.

How is goodwill impairment driven by relative firm performance Research Proposal

How is goodwill impairment driven by relative firm performance Evidence from Germany - Research Proposal Example Hence, they are obtained as excess cost of the acquired entities over the fair value of liabilities and assets (Ding, Richard and Stolowy, 2008). The concept â€Å"goodwill† was first introduced by Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) during June 2001 with the help of statement of Financial Accounting Standards (141 and 142) under the rules and regulations of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) of the United States (i.e. US GAAP) (Wiese, 2005). However, there was modification in the issuance of the concept during 2004. It was revised for international convergence, which actually took place after four years. Churky (2005) had studied the relevance and appropriateness of new standards related to goodwill impairment with the help of test market valuation, which discovered that there is evidence for weak impermanent of the goodwill. Further, research was done by Devalle and Rizzato (2012) focussing on the quality of mandatory disclosure that is related to the goodwill impairment. Their research identified that there was low disclosure index and huge difference between stock market performances. Vichitsar awong (2007) had also studied the relevance of goodwill impairment by examining relative efficiency of the companies in the US. His study revealed that goodwill impairment identifies decrease in comparative efficiency of the companies. The study aims at deciphering the relationship that is developed by Vichitsarawong (2007) with respect to goodwill impairment; however, in this research, emphasis has been given on European realities Germany. The main reason for selecting Germany for the research lies in the fact that it is the largest economy in the European nation. It also presents the highest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the nation over the past years. The commercial and accounting policies of